Items

Title

Description

This manuscript contains 500 Greek and Roman recipes from the fourth and fifth century, both culinary and medical, reflecting the polyglot culture of the Mediterranean basin. Sometimes referred to as the oldest extant cookbook in the West, the manuscript is divided into ten books. It is likely that the Apicius began as a Greek collection, mainly written in Latin, and adapted for a Roman palate. The collection is likely compiled from many sources, as no evidence exists that Apicius (a Roman gourmet in 1st century AD), authored a book of cookery. Our manuscript was penned in several hands in a mix of Anglo-Saxon and Carolingian scripts at the monastery at Fulda (Germany) around 830 AD. It is one of two manuscripts (the other at the Vatican) presumed to have been copied from a now lost common source. The Apicius manuscript is the gem of the Academy’s Margaret Barclay Wilson Collection of cookery, acquired in 1929.

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Subjects (LC)

Cookbooks, Cooking, Latin peoples, Cooking, Mediterranean, Cooking, Roman, Early works to 1800, Manuscripts, Medicine

Title: Dr. Grosvenor's Liveraid, Cures All Diseases of the Stomach Liver & Blood
Description: Trade card advertising Dr. Grosvenor's Liveraid and Bellanodyne featuring a sign that reads: "Dr. Grosvenor's Liveraid, cures all diseases of the stomach, liver, & blood. Small doses, prompt effect." The sign has a bouquet of flowers inserted in it. In the foreground is a body of water with two frogs and three ducks. The back is obscured, but lists the ailments the Liveraid cures and mentions a pain-relieving plaster called Bellanodyne.
Conditions Cured (LC): Biliary Tract-Diseases, Constipation, Headache, Indigestion, Malaria, Rheumatism
Subjects (LC): Acquatic Animals, Advertising—Medicine, Amphibians, Animals, Ducks, Flowers, Frogs, Grasslands, Nature, Trees, Water, Water Lilies
ID: WH270
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: Nearly 50 Years the Favorite: Piso's Cure a Medicine for Coughs Colds Etc.
Description: Trade card advertising Piso's Cure featuring a scene of two men constructing or deconstructing a wooden dock on the Allegheny River. A red-wheeled wheelbarrow on the bank holds wooden planks. There is an island in river that has a red-and-white house. There are forested hills on the farther shorelines. The back is a blank template for a postcard.
Conditions Cured (LC): Cold (Disease), Cough
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Carpenters, Carts And Carriages, Hats, Housing, Islands, Marshes, Nature, Trees, Water, Woodworkers
ID: WH329
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: If You would have a darling Ride, Try the Catville Toboggan Slide
Description: Trade card advertising Dr. Thomas' Eclectric Oil featuring a cat on a toboggan. It has a red blanket over the bottom half of its body and is reaching for its kittens who seemingly fell off the ride. A crescent moon and stars are in the sky. The back lists the ailments the Oil can cure.
Conditions Cured (LC): Backache, Burns And Scalds, Cold (Disease), Cough, Deafness, Earache, Hoarseness, Throat—Diseases, Toothache
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Animals, Blankets, Cats, Moon, Nature, Sleds, Snow, Toboggans, Trees
ID: WH365
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: Dr. White's Celebrated Cough Drops [from verso]
Description: Trade card advertising Dr. White's Cough Drops featuring a sailboat in a body of water at sunset. To the left is a a rocky outcrop with a lighthouse. At the top of the card are a bunch of pansies. The back lists the ailments the Cough Drops can cure.
Conditions Cured (LC): Cold (Disease), Cough, Hoarseness
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Boats And Boating, Flowers, Lighthouses, Nature, Ocean, Pansies, Rocks, Sailboats, Sunset Phenomena, Water
ID: WH379
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: Dr. Grosvenor's Liveraid, Cures All Diseases of the Stomach Liver & Blood
Description: Trade card advertising Dr. Grosvenor's Liveraid and Bellanodyne featuring a sign that reads: "Dr. Grosvenor's Liveraid, cures all diseases of the stomach, liver, & blood. Small doses, prompt effect." The sign has a bouquet of flowers inserted in it. In the foreground is a body of water with two frogs and three ducks. The back lists the ailments the Liveraid cures and mentions a pain-relieving plaster called Bellanodyne.
Conditions Cured (LC): Biliary Tract-Diseases, Constipation, Headache, Indigestion, Malaria, Rheumatism
Subjects (LC): Acquatic Animals, Advertising—Medicine, Amphibians, Animals, Ducks, Flowers, Frogs, Grasslands, Nature, Trees, Water, Water Lilies
ID: WH269
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: Wheat Bitters
Description: Trade card advertising What Bitters featuring an image of a naked angel driving a cart with a large bottle of Wheat Bitters on it. The cart is pulled by two dogs, and two more naked angels run behind it. The back lists the curative properties of Wheat Bitters.
Conditions Cured (LC): Biliary Tract—Diseases, Constipation, Delirium Tremens, Fever, Indigestion, Jaundice, Malaria, Neuralgia, Paralysis
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Angels, Animals, Bottles, Carriages And Carts, Cherubs, Dogs, Folklore, Grasslands, Mythology, Stone Walls, Trees
ID: WH196
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: Dr. White's Celebrated Cough Drops [from verso]
Description: Trade card advertising Dr. White's Cough Drops featuring a group of four people in a row boat rowing towards a sailboat. In the background is another sailboat and a cloudy sky. At the top of the card is a bunch of orange and pink flowers. The back lists the ailments the Cough Drops can cure.
Conditions Cured (LC): Cold (Disease), Cough, Hoarseness
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Boats And Boating, Clouds, Flowers, Nature, Ocean, Sailboats, Water, Water Waves
ID: WH378
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound
Description: Trade card advertising Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound, Lydia E. Pinkham's Liver Pills, Lydia E. Pinkham's Blood Purifier, and Lydia E. Pinkham's Sanative Wash featuring an image of a fisherman in a wooden boat on a body of water. In the background there is a large house with a smoking chimney, a bridge, a mountain, and some greenery. The image is framed by sprigs of pink flowers. The back lists the benefits of the items advertised.
Conditions Cured (LC): Asthenia, Backache, Depression, Headache, Indigestion, Insomnia, Neurasthenia, Peptic Ulcer, Tumors
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Bridges, Chimneys, Fishing, Flowers, Hats, Mountains, Nature, Smoke Plumes, Trees, Water, Water And Architecture
ID: WH187
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: Dr. White's Cough Drops Are the Best
Description: Trade card advertising Dr. White's Cough Drops featuring a yellow rose and berries on the left and a circular image of a snowy landscape on the right. Within the image are a small house, a fence, some rocks, and some snow-covered trees. The back lists the ailments the Cough Drops can cure.
Conditions Cured (LC): Cold (Disease), Cough, Hoarseness
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Berries, Flowers, Housing, Leaves, Nature, Rocks, Snow, Trees, Wooden Fences
ID: WH380
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title

Aristotle’s Masterpiece, Or The Secrets of Generation displayed in all the parts thereof

Description

Published initially in 1684 and popular in both America and England for over two hundred years, this became the most widely reprinted medical book in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The contributions of the Masterpiece were not particularly scientific, but drew largely from Hippocrates, and Galen, as well as other classical and medieval writers. The source material came from two earlier books: Levinus Lemnius’s Secret Miracles of Nature, originally published in Latin in 1599, and The Complete Midwives Practice Enlarged (author unknown). Chapter headings include sections titled, “The Signs of Barrenness” “The Way of getting to a Boy or a Girl,” “How a Midwife Ought to be Qualified” and “A Word of Advice to both Sexes in the Act of Copulation.” The information this title offered on conception, pregnancy, and childbirth wasn’t particularly innovative; many seventeenth century discoveries in gynecology are absent from the text and replaced by Hippocratic pathology, or by superstition. The “Aristotle” of the title was pseudonymous, and likely evoked by the book’s author to give the tome scientific credibility. The book’s true author is unknown, though Culpepper and William Salmon, an English physician and author, are sometimes credited.

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Subjects (LC)

Abnormalities, Human, Conception, Early works to 1800, Gynecology, Medicine, Midwifery, Obstetrics, Reproduction, Sex instruction, Sexual behavior

Title: Headache Cured. Dr. Mettaur's Headache Pills, a Certain Relief
Description: Trade card advertising Dr. Mettaur's Headache Pills featuring a baby sleeping in a basket and a dog sitting erect in a chair next to it. By the end of the basket are various dishes and a jug. There is a rag of some sort by the foot of the chair draped over these items. The back lists the ailments Dr. Mettaur's Headache Pills can cure.
Conditions Cured (LC): Biliary Tract—Diseases, Constipation, Headache
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Animals, Blankets, Chairs, Children, Dogs, Domestic Space, Infants, Pitchers, Sleep, Sleep Positions
ID: WH304
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: Kendall's Spavin Cure
Description: Trade card advertising Kendall's Spavin Cure featuring a donkey braying at a well-dressed man. A fence separates the two, on top of which there is a young boy sitting. They are surrounded by a field of grass with trees and birds in the background. The back features testimony from satisfied customers.
Conditions Cured (LC): Bad Breath, Bruises, Bunion, Burns And Scalds, Frostbite, Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Thrush (Mouth Disease), Wounds And Injuries
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Animals, Birds, Children, Donkeys, Dress And Clothing, Eyeglasses, Grasslands, Men, Men's Hats, Nature, Neckties, Trees
ID: WH168
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title: Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound
Description: Trade card advertising Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound, Lydia E. Pinkham's Liver Pills, Lydia E. Pinkham's Blood Purifier, and Lydia E. Pinkham's Sanative Wash featuring a square image of a sailboat and a steamboat. There is a crescent moon in the sky to to the left. The square image is framed by overlaid reeds, grasses, and a white flower. The back describes the ailments the items can cure.
Conditions Cured (LC): Asthenia, Constipation, Depression, Headache, Indigestion, Insomnia, Neurasthenia
Subjects (LC): Advertising—Medicine, Boats And Boating, Flowers, Nature, Ocean, Rocks, Sailboats, Steamboats, Water
ID: WH326
Collection: William H. Helfand Collection of Pharmaceutical Trade Cards

Title

Des aller furtrefflichsten, hoechsten und adelichsten Gschoepffs aller Creaturen

Description

Walther Hermann Ryff was a surgeon employed in Strassburg in the early 16th Century. One of the highlights of this text are the 42 hand-colored woodcuts in the text, compiled from a number of Renaissance sources. Depicted in the counterfeit style, the illustrations in this book would have implied eye witness knowledge and discovery. In this way, Ryff’s book asserted itself as a credible description of anatomy (though its illustrations were far from anatomically accurate). The text of this book relied on lectures in anatomy and physiology, compounded from other sources. His audience was the ‘gemeine,’ or common man, and its composition in German, rather than Latin, ensured it would have a wider audience. In this way, Ryff’s book would have been indispensable to new readers as a compilation of Renaissance knowledge about the body. The book also offers evidence about early printing history. The wood-blocks for this edition were reused for a set of broadsides before they were passed to a Parisian printer for new editions of Ryff’s work, and for a popular work on surgery. This illustrated the practice of passing wood-blocks from publisher to publisher, and shows how work published in one city continued to be published and disseminated in others

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